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Glossaire du droit turc de l'exécution
35 notions clés du droit turc de l'exécution et de la faillite en sept langues, avec une brève explication en anglais.
| Français | Türkçe | English | Nederlands | Deutsch | Italiano | Español |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action en annulation de l'opposition | İtirazın iptali davası | Action to annul the objectionFull lawsuit (İİK 67), 1 year; mediation first for commercial claims. | Vordering tot vernietiging van het verzet | Klage auf Aufhebung des Widerspruchs | Azione di annullamento dell'opposizione | Demanda de anulación de la oposición |
| Annulation de l'adjudication | İhalenin feshi | Annulment of the auctionChallenge to an auction (İİK 134). | Vernietiging van de veiling | Aufhebung des Zuschlags | Annullamento dell'aggiudicazione | Nulidad de la subasta |
| Apostille | Apostil | ApostilleCertification under the 1961 Hague Convention. | Apostille | Apostille | Apostille | Apostilla |
| Caractère définitif | Kesinleşme | FinalityEnforcement proceedings or judgment no longer open to challenge. | Definitief worden | Rechtskraft | Definitività | Firmeza |
| Caution judicatum solvi | Teminat (yabancılık teminatı) | Security for costsMay be required from foreign claimants unless a treaty applies. | Zekerheid voor proceskosten | Prozesskostensicherheit | Cauzione per le spese | Caución por costas |
| Commandement d'exécuter | İcra emri | Execution orderOrder served in judgment-based enforcement. | Bevel tot tenuitvoerlegging | Vollstreckungsbefehl | Precetto | Orden de ejecución |
| Commandement de payer | Ödeme emri | Payment orderServed on the debtor; 7 days to pay or object in ordinary proceedings. | Betalingsbevel | Zahlungsbefehl | Ordine di pagamento | Orden de pago |
| Concordat | Konkordato | Concordat (restructuring)Court-supervised restructuring with a moratorium (İİK 285 ff.). | Akkoordprocedure | Konkordat (Sanierungsverfahren) | Concordato | Concordato |
| Droit de recouvrement | Tahsil harcı | Collection feeState fee on amounts collected; charged to the debtor. | Inningsrecht | Einzugsgebühr | Diritto di riscossione | Tasa de cobro |
| Déclaration de patrimoine | Mal beyanı | Declaration of assetsDebtor's duty to declare assets (İİK 74). | Vermogensopgave | Vermögensauskunft | Dichiarazione dei beni | Manifestación de bienes |
| Estimation des biens saisis | Kıymet takdiri | Valuation of attached assetsValuation before public auction. | Taxatie | Schätzung | Stima dei beni pignorati | Tasación |
| Exequatur | Tenfiz | Exequatur (enforcement of a foreign judgment)Turkish court decision making a foreign judgment enforceable (MÖHUK 50). | Exequatur | Vollstreckbarerklärung | Exequatur | Exequátur |
| Exécution d'un jugement | İlamlı takip | Judgment-based enforcementEnforcement of a court judgment or equivalent title. | Executie op grond van een vonnis | Vollstreckung aus einem Urteil | Esecuzione di una sentenza | Ejecución de sentencia |
| Exécution sans titre judiciaire | İlamsız takip | Non-judgment enforcementEnforcement started on an invoice or contract without a prior judgment. | Executie zonder vonnis | Vollstreckung ohne Urteil | Esecuzione senza titolo giudiziale | Ejecución sin título judicial |
| Exécution sur chèques et effets | Kambiyo senetlerine dayalı takip | Enforcement on cheques and notesFaster track for cheques and promissory notes (İİK 167 ff.). | Executie op grond van cheques en wissels | Wechsel- und Scheckvollstreckung | Esecuzione su assegni e cambiali | Ejecución cambiaria |
| Faillite | İflas | BankruptcyLiquidation of a debtor's estate. | Faillissement | Konkurs | Fallimento | Quiebra |
| Honoraires d'avocat légaux | Vekâlet ücreti (AAÜT) | Statutory attorney's feeFee under the Bar tariff, added to the debt. | Wettelijk advocatenhonorarium | Gesetzliches Anwaltshonorar | Compenso legale dell'avvocato | Honorarios legales del abogado |
| Indemnité pour opposition abusive | İcra inkâr tazminatı | Bad-faith objection compensationAt least 20% of the claim against an unjustified objection. | Vergoeding wegens ongegrond verzet | Entschädigung wegen unbegründeten Widerspruchs | Indennizzo per opposizione infondata | Indemnización por oposición infundada |
| Intérêt légal | Kanuni faiz | Statutory interestLaw No. 3095, Art. 1. | Wettelijke rente | Gesetzliche Zinsen | Interesse legale | Interés legal |
| Intérêt moratoire commercial | Avans faizi | Commercial default interest (advance rate)Central Bank advance rate in commercial matters (Law No. 3095, Art. 2/2). | Handelsrente (voorschotrente) | Handelsrechtliche Verzugszinsen | Interesse di mora commerciale | Interés de demora mercantil |
| Mainlevée de l'opposition | İtirazın kaldırılması | Removal of the objectionSummary application to the enforcement court (İİK 68), 6 months. | Opheffing van het verzet | Beseitigung des Widerspruchs | Rimozione dell'opposizione | Levantamiento de la oposición |
| Médiation | Arabuluculuk | MediationMandatory before commercial money-claim lawsuits. | Mediation | Mediation | Mediazione | Mediación |
| Office d'exécution | İcra dairesi | Enforcement officeState office attached to the court that runs enforcement. | Executiekantoor | Vollstreckungsamt | Ufficio esecuzioni | Oficina de ejecución |
| Opposition à la dette | Borca itiraz | Objection to the debtStops non-judgment enforcement. | Verzet tegen de schuld | Widerspruch gegen die Forderung | Opposizione al debito | Oposición a la deuda |
| Procuration | Vekâletname | Power of attorneySigned before a notary with apostille for foreign clients. | Volmacht | Vollmacht | Procura | Poder |
| Procédure d'exécution | İcra takibi | Enforcement proceedingsCollection of a money claim through an enforcement office. | Executieprocedure | Zwangsvollstreckungsverfahren | Procedura esecutiva | Procedimiento de ejecución |
| Reconnaissance | Tanıma | RecognitionRes judicata effect without enforceability (MÖHUK 58). | Erkenning | Anerkennung | Riconoscimento | Reconocimiento |
| Réciprocité | Karşılıklılık | ReciprocityCondition for exequatur of foreign court judgments. | Wederkerigheid | Gegenseitigkeit | Reciprocità | Reciprocidad |
| Saisie | Haciz | Attachment (seizure)Seizure of the debtor's assets once enforcement is final. | Beslag | Pfändung | Pignoramento | Embargo |
| Saisie conservatoire | İhtiyati haciz | Preliminary attachmentCourt order freezing assets before or during proceedings (İİK 257). | Conservatoir beslag | Arrest | Sequestro conservativo | Embargo preventivo |
| Saisie sur salaire | Maaş haczi | Wage garnishmentAt least one quarter of salary (İİK 83). | Loonbeslag | Lohnpfändung | Pignoramento dello stipendio | Embargo de salario |
| Saisie-attribution | Haciz ihbarnamesi (89/1) | Garnishment notice to third partiesNotice to third parties holding money owed to the debtor (İİK 89). | Derdenbeslag | Forderungspfändung bei Dritten | Pignoramento presso terzi | Embargo de créditos frente a terceros |
| Sursis concordataire | Konkordato mühleti | Concordat moratoriumEnforcement against the debtor is stayed. | Uitstel van betaling | Nachlassstundung | Moratoria concordataria | Moratoria del concordato |
| Traducteur assermenté | Yeminli tercüman | Sworn translatorTranslations of foreign documents into Turkish. | Beëdigd vertaler | Vereidigter Übersetzer | Traduttore giurato | Traductor jurado |
| Vente aux enchères | İhale / satış | Public auctionSale of attached assets. | Openbare verkoop | Versteigerung | Vendita all'asta | Subasta |
Information générale, pas un avis juridique. Les termes sont des équivalents approximatifs.